In the first year, it is necessary to ensure the survival of all seedlings and their normal development. In the first half of summer, the moisture content of plants is crucial. After forced planting of seedlings at the time of planting, they are watered 2-3 times more, taking into account two or three buckets per tree, taking into account weather conditions. The watering interval is seven to ten days. In very dry weather, water is often sprayed to the same standards. Do not water with snowmobiles in the middle of August. Neglect of these requirements will lead to partial damage or their complete destruction in winter.
Surfaces should be under organic mulch or loose, free of weeds, one meter away from the row (trunk). The remaining area between the water can be used to establish vegetable crops, potatoes or earthworms until the trees bear good fruit. Then in the future, a protective zone (predatory line) around the crown is located in the area associated with soft weeds.
Additional fertilization of plants is not required in the first year. Although the tree does not combine leaves in the summer, it is still alive (it often happens with pears), it should be preserved and help in the winter. Next year, you will see the plant growing traditionally.
Before freezing the soil, fruit trees are tied or treated with a special emulsion. Armchair tires reliably protect against sunburn. At the bottom, clothing materials are sprinkled on the ground, so rodents cannot get in. In places where lambs spread, the tree is completely or only rooted, and the crown is treated with emulsion. Do not throw poisoned fish in the garden, it will kill birds and many beneficial animals.
Cultivation of the soil
As we mentioned above, in the row between the rows and before the good fruit (5-7 years) in the row, the soil is free and clean of weeds, and during the first 3-4 years, the root crop is stored in organic mulch. Under the hill, they are loosened with a lamella at a depth of eight to ten centimeters, and the borders of the crown are eighteen to twenty centimeters. Under the organic mulch, it is not constantly chased as it stimulates the surface development of the roots to keep the barley close. In the future, it is possible to remove entire areas under fruit crops, that is, to plant a mixture of perennial grasses consisting of forbs and forbs. Up to rice grass, rootless plants are recommended: boggrass, sedges, fescue, flat meadow, burbot, timothy grass and rootless wheat. The mixture can consist of 5-6 types of plants. A gas mixture is also suitable for this purpose. In the summer months, plants up to 12-15 cm regularly break down and take the place of the mass, that is, straw humus poison is formed. The sod-humus system in the soil in the garden does not inhibit fruit trees during irrigation, allows better coloring and preservation of fruits during storage, improves their taste quality, and increases the resistance of fruits to diseases. takes its place, that is, straw humus poison is formed. The sod-humus system in the soil in the garden does not inhibit fruit trees during irrigation, allows better coloring and preservation of fruits during storage, improves their taste quality, and increases the resistance of fruits to diseases. takes its place, that is, straw humus poison is formed. The sod-humus system in the soil in the garden does not inhibit fruit trees during irrigation, allows better coloring and preservation of fruits during storage, improves their taste quality, and increases the resistance of fruits to diseases.
Fertilizer application
Fruit crops are characterized by the economic use of nutrients contained in the soil. If the tree planting is carried out according to the recommendations, additional fertilizers will not help the first two good fruits (up to 5-7 years). The need to consume manure, if the annual growth of the main and semi-basic branches is less than 40-50 cm, in such cases, mineral fertilizer during the period of active growth of plants dogs (15-20 g) or should be fed with organic fertilizers with a high nitrogen content (half a hectare of chicken manure 8-10 talaq, per square meter square meter). Fertilizers are introduced into the well or troughs, then watered and soften the soil. However, nitrogen fertilizers should not be detected. They certainly
Nut food items from the soil of fruit trees - fruits and partially cut branches, if they are not burned in the grass and there is no daylight. The cost of 1 ton of fruit is 3.0-7.0 kg, phosphorus - 1.6-3.0 kg, potassium - 4.0-7.5 kg. Nutrients are released depending on productivity, the level of filling the soil with ion-nitrogen and phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, taking into account the coefficient of their use. If organic fertilizers are introduced, it is necessary to take into account the amount of nitrogen and phosphorus in organic fertilizers. A number of researchers noted the low efficiency of mineral fertilizers without irrigation.
There are different ways to apply manure. Depending on the condition of the plants, the main method of fertilization, root and non-root fertilizers are recommended.
Organic and mineral fertilizers, plant ash, melioration substances are introduced by the main method. Combining fertilization with soil crops in all garden areas ensures deep rooting in the soil, increases the resistance of plants to extreme conditions. In this sixth-eighth year, from around the crown, on one side of the row, outside the water, it is deeply crushed to a width and depth of 40-60 cm, the upper layer of the soil is kept separately from the lower layers. Potassium fertilizers are 20-25 grams, phosphorus fertilizers - 10-15 grams per square meter. If kuk enters, then potassium fertilizers are reduced by half or completely.
The approximate annual dose of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers is increased by 3 times in the entire area of feeding fruit trees and poured into the highly fertile layer removed from the trench. Here, organic fertilizers are added at the rate of 5-89 kg per square meter and remedial substances (lime, gypsum, ml, etc.) in unnecessary quantities. Nitrogen fertilizers are used in the amount of 20 g per square meter. All fertilizers are thoroughly mixed with the soil and thrown into the trench, the mixture in the trench is slightly compacted. The unfilled part of the trench is covered with layers of soil. This is done immediately after harvest. After two or three years, the other side of several trees is treated in the same way. Such dressing ensures normal nutrition of plants for 5-6 years. At the end of this period, similar processing is carried out elsewhere. Thus, there is deep soil cultivation under fruit trees, normal plant nutrition and the most efficient use of fertilizers.
Fertilizers can be prepared using alkali (in liquid form), as well as with shell or special metal complex (dry or liquid adhesive). Nitrogen fertilizers are applied at a depth of 15-20 cm per year, and on sandy soils, it is recommended to distribute them on black soils: about a third - in early spring, as soon as the snow falls, 1-3 - during the stage of active shoot growth, and 1 /3 after harvest. In areas with fertile and sticky soils, half of the calculated norm of nitrogen fertilizers is introduced in early spring, and the other half after harvesting. In the years of applying phosphorus-potassium fertilizers and collecting manure, the full rate of nitrogen fertilizers is added to them, nitrogen fertilizer
After removing the plant, it is useful to treat it with a 5-7% urea solution. Such treatment improves autumn nitrogen nutrition of plants and reduces their morbidity.
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