Respect and compassion for flowers appeared thousands of years ago among representatives of mankind. The earliest documentation of flowering is a fresco found on the island of Crete. They are 5000 years old! It seems that the love of flowers has been handed down to us since ancient times. For those who want to try their hand at blooming flowers, some tips for caring for home flowers will be useful. Since many articles have been written about the direct care of flowers, we will stop our attention on the first and important stages of florists. It depends on the strength, health, color and aroma of the color of the house.
Soil
Soil plays an important role in plant life. It is constantly changing due to soil microflora and organic and mineral fertilizers that enter it. Its structure changes, the ability to retain moisture. Soil should be considered not an abstract substance, but a living organism. The properties of the soil are derived from the subsoil from which it was formed, from the organic matter that entered it, from the plants, as well as from the bacteria, fungi and animals caused by the climatic conditions.
Different garden and house flowers have very specific requirements for the properties and characteristics of the soil. Some flowers grow and develop relatively well in soils that do not have good properties. And others, with their majority, made great demands on the soil. For the cultivation of flowers, after the rain or after watering, if the water is delayed for a long time, it is not improved first. Also cold, sandy and stony soils with a predominance of sand and stones.
Flower care advice: Loosen the soil regularly. Loosening the soil helps to retain moisture in it. Better yet, its physico-chemical properties change, its water-air regime improves, and the composition of microorganisms increases several times. In addition, relaxation, water, air and heat mode are affected. Cultivation of the soil helps to regulate the vital activity of microorganisms, which are necessary for the conversion of assimilated substances by plants.
Fertilizers
Mineral and organic fertilizers containing one or more nutrients in high concentration allow to quickly improve soil fertility. And therefore contributes to the growth of home colors. In fact, mineral fertilizers are simple, mixed, complex and concentrated. One of the advantages of mineral fertilizers is that they are easier to move and incorporate into the soil than organic matter.
Nitrate fertilizersthey use ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and urea. Ammonium nitrate contains 33-34% nitrogen, so it refers to concentrated fertilizers. Entered into the soil, it dissolves easily and has a quick effect. It almost does not change the soil reaction, so it is used to fertilize alkaline and neutral soils and weakly acidic soils. Ammonium sulfate is well soluble in water. Contains about 20% nitrogen. The persistence of ammonium sulfate, especially in light soils, causes them to boil. Therefore, if you see that the acidity of the soil has increased, you should add lime or bone meal to it. Or fertilizing together with other mineral fertilizers that eliminate the harmful effects of ammonium sulfate. go The addition of ammonium sulfate along with ng also blocks the shell of the soil. Urea (urea) is the strongest nitrogen fertilizer. Contains 46% nitrogen.
Phosphate fertilizers . Most often, powdered and granulated superphosphate is used in the production of home paints. Ovary superphosphate is a fast-acting fertilizer and differs in phosphorus content. Granular superphosphate contains 20-22% phosphorus and has better physical properties than powdered phosphorus. Therefore, it is preferred for feeding house flowers.
Bone meal contains 29-34% phosphorus, 1.2-1.7% nitrogen and 45% calcium (calcium). It is used to fertilize acidic soils. It has been used less recently. Potassium chloride, potassium sulfate and plant ash are the most important potassium for growing flowersis a fertilizer. Potassium chloride contains 54-62.5% potassium. Some types of flowers do not tolerate potassium chloride, because they increase their sensitivity to chloride ions in the soil. Potassium sulfate contains 45-52% potassium. Vegetable ash contains varying amounts of potassium, varying from 20 to 30%, depending on the plants from which it is obtained. The content of potassium depends on the degree of combustion of plants: the better they are burned, the higher the potassium content. In addition, it depends on the way the ash is stored. The cup located in the rain is poor in potassium.
Organic fertilizers are best assimilated by plants. However, they may lack some trace elements. Therefore, organic fertilizers are often supplemented with mineral fertilizers. Organic fertilizers include compost, manure, peat and preparations based on it. Another organic substance can be used: rotted leaves, needles, sapropel, etc.
What is fertilizer? Micronutrients contained in fertilizers are absolutely necessary for plant growth and development. In addition to the main nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium), house flowers need many other nutrients. Such as boron, bromine, chlorine, aluminum, iron, iodine, silicon, magnesium, copper, molybdenum, sodium, sulfur, zinc. They need a small amount and often do not pay attention to the application of fertilizers.
Advice on flower care: when using different fertilizers at the same time, you need to know the rules for mixing them. If the mixing is incorrect, it will have a negative effect, because insoluble compounds reduce the effect of individual elements. For example, it is not recommended to mix superphosphate with calcium nitrate. The easiest way to use a ready-made product is a beautiful package designed for specific types of fertilizer. However, this is a very expensive pleasure, especially when breeding flowers. In addition, many depend on the acidity, structure and strength of the soil.
Preparation of soil mixture for planting house flowers
The first thing that is necessary when growing potted flowers is that the root system of plants develops in a small volume of soil. Therefore, the soil should be rich in nutrients and bacteria. In addition, you should also know that tropical flowers have higher requirements for soil than flowers grown in open ground. Mixtures of garden soils for indoor and greenhouse flowers, usually packed in pots or shelves, are prepared taking into account the characteristics and requirements of certain types of house species. The following are the most important garden soils and individual substrates: sod land, leafy land, peat land, greenhouse (humus) land, growing land, garden land, forest land, pine bark, perlite , river sand, moss, crushed stone
Soils are very important as a component involved in almost all types of mixtures. Due to the large amount of plant residues in it, it is visible and rich in nutrients, but prone to compaction. Bare soillight, soft and very nutritious. It is obtained as a result of pereprevania leaves of coniferous and deciduous trees. It is widely used in floriculture, especially for the growth of plants that do not tolerate manure. Soil mixed with soil is suitable for growing leafy flowers. In addition, begonia seeds are also suitable for planting some seeds, such as gloxinia. It is a mixture of soil and sand with peat, which completely replaces concrete land. Leafy soil from pine forests has an acid reaction, so it is used in the cultivation of azalea, anthurium. The quality of your art from the leaves of poplar, softwood, oak trees and other trees is poor, so it should not be used.
Peatland is light, soft and moisture consuming. It is used to release peat moss and improve the quality of other types of land. The nutritional value is not very high. Adding peat to the soil increases its acidity.
Greenhouse soil is a mixture of completely recycled manure used to heat greenhouses, which is spread over the ground where seedlings are grown. Greenhouse soil consists of aggregates, like composts, and is ready for use after a short time. Soil mixtures improve physical and chemical properties, and can also be used to fertilize open areas. Loamy land is very nutritious and nutritious, rich in nutrients. It is obtained as a result of rotting some plants of the Vereskov family. It is very expensive because it is very difficult to get. It can be replaced with a mixture of full four parts of peat, two parts of leaf and one part of sand. Orchard landstaken from areas where garden plants grow, regularly fertilized with organic and mineral fertilizers. It is formed in the fall after harvesting, only the ditch layer is used. Wood Village is made from rotting wood, wood dust from trees, beads, wood grass and old tree ashes. According to its properties, it is close to the sheet, but it is used less if it leads to an increase in oxygen. Representatives of the Bromelgea family are suitable for orchids, ferns and plants. Recently, stores have sold lands "recycled" by California worms .
Flower care advice: add chopped charcoal to the soil before planting. A small amount of crushed coal absorbs excess moisture from the soil. Then, with a lack of moisture, it returns it, thereby protecting the soil from boiling.
Subspecies of garden land and substrates are used for planting from seeds (begonia, gloxinia) only in leaf, peat and peat. Also, sand and perlite - for finishing certain types of houses. If you are confident in the manufacturer, you can buy ready-made soil mixtures. However, with a large number of flowers, it becomes cheaper to buy. In addition, some manufacturers do not match the dosage of mineral fertilizers, which has a negative effect on the further growth of house flowers. For a soil mixture made with his own hands, you have a guarantee!
How to change house flowers
Plants are transplanted as follows. According to the requirements of the species, prepare a suitable mixture of different garden soils, which should be moistened to the point where it breaks down when compacted by hand. Use shards and coarse sand to ensure good drainage in pots. Drainage in containers is carried out as follows: in the drainage hole at the bottom of the pot, the convex side of the spruce rises up and coarse-grained river sand prepared at this level is poured.
With an incomplete transplant with a foot stick, gently loosen and remove the surface layer of the earth, and the soil around the roots is slightly broken and knocked over with a pot. The old drain is also cleaned. If the flowers are rooted, then they are cut into living tissue. In the prepared drainage in the pot, if the root collar is 1 cm below the edge of the pot, then pour this plant soil in the middle of the pot. If the neck is above the upper part of the vein, then the plant is removed and part of the spilled earth is removed. If it is too low, then add more space. The space between the back wall and the wall of the cabin is filled with saturated earth and two sheep It is pressed several times with the fingers and a new amount of soil is added. If the plant is to be taken to a large container, then a sock that is slightly sprinkled on the ground is held. Vessels covered with transplanted plants are not filled with standing water. Transplanted plants are watered abundantly and they are recommended to be sprayed with water several times, they are kept in slightly shaded rooms with moist air during the rooting period. Not available. Transplanted plants are watered abundantly and they are recommended to be sprayed with water several times, they are kept in slightly shaded rooms with moist air during the rooting period. Not available. Transplanted plants are watered abundantly and they are recommended to be sprayed with water several times, they are kept in slightly shaded rooms with moist air during the rooting period.
Transshipment is used in the growth of certain types of plants. Transplantation is a method close to transplantation, and plants should be applied several times during the growing season, which are associated with fast-growing plants, which should be strong, well-developed. The difference between transplantation and replacement is that during transplantation, a large or small part of the earth, and sometimes a part of the roots, must be removed, so that during transit the earth is stuck with the roots and transferred to a completely new pot. The technique of replacing flowers is the same as the method of transplantation. After transplanting, the plants are kept in the same conditions as before and only with very strong sun they pritenyayut
Flower care advice: With transportation, the flowering time of plants can be regulated to some extent. With most transcripts, flowering slows down, and with smaller ones - it accelerates. An increase in the number of transits performed results in the production of stronger and stronger plants.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar